Anthropic–DOD fight ends with deal for OpenAI

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The US Department of Defense ended yesterday with an agreement to let an AI company access its classified network with some guardrails in place—but that company was OpenAI, not Anthropic. How we got here Even before time ran out on the Pentagon’s 5:01pm ET deadline for Anthropic to lose its $200 million defense contract unless it stopped requiring that its AI-model Claude could not be used for mass domestic surveillance or fully autonomous weapons, President Trump posted on Truth Social that the government would “IMMEDIATELY CEASE” using Anthropic’s technology and “not do business with them again!” After the deadline passed, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said the DOD would label Anthropic a “supply chain risk”—a label typically stuck on businesses from adversarial countries that bars companies with US government contracts from doing business with them. And then…around 10pm ET last night, Sam Altman posted on X that OpenAI had “reached an agreement with the Department of War to deploy our models in their classified network.” Earlier in the day, Altman said OpenAI shared Anthropic’s “red lines,” and his post suggested he’d somehow gotten the contract while maintaining them. It identified “prohibitions on domestic mass surveillance” and “human responsibility for the use of force” as two of the company’s bedrock principles and went on to say that the Defense Department agreed and “we put them into our agreement.” The fight was about who gets to make the rules The US military has developed plenty of advanced technology, like GPS, which gave it control over how that tech was used and disseminated. But it didn’t lead AI development. Private companies were better positioned to raise and spend billions of dollars to move quickly and amass specialized talent—leaving the government reliant on public–private partnerships, which bring complications: To turn a profit, tech companies must focus on commercial applications that bring in cash. Government contracts are an important money-maker, too. But if a company gets a bad rap for letting its tech be used in dicey situations, it risks losing its commercial customers. Bottom line: The Defense Department has said it wants to be an “AI-first” fighting force, and all the major AI companies are competing for lucrative contracts as the technology evolves much quicker than any regulations on its use.